Process of raising printing.



WNW l I rnoonss or RAISING remains.

No Drawing. Original application filed November 25, 1914, Serial No. 873,946. Divided and this application Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oat. as, rare.

filed April 10, 1915. a Serial m. 20,390;

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that T, SAMUEL LIPsIUs, a citizen of the United States, and residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Process of Raising Printing, of which the following specification is a full disclosure.

This application is a division of my copending case Ser. No. 873,946 filed Nov. 25, 1914, and the invention thereof relates to the printing of characters in simulation of the raised effects produced by the action of dies or engraved plates and ordinarily known as embossing work. v

Various methods have heretofore been proposed and to some extent put into commercial use whereby embossed work may be simulated by acting in conjunction with an ordinary printing press, and without necessitating the manufacture of special dies.

Tn practising these well-known methods,

ordinary stifi', quick-drying printers-ink is first impressed upon a sheet of paper, a quantity of fusible resinous powder (such as gum elemi) is then deposited on the freshly inked surface and, by carefully melting this powder, it is caused to amalgamate with the inked surface so that when cold it will give a raised surface imitating the relief effects yielded by a die. This process has, however, possessed many heretofore unavoidable difiiculties which have materially contributed to reduce the commercial value of the process; One difficulty with this imitation embossing, as heretoforepractisedJies in the fact that the finished work has a very strong tendency to peel or strip on the paper so that, when the paper is folded or creased, the raised material will crack and flake, and the detached particles thereof will not only give the appearance of loose dirt scattered over the paper and collected in the folds thereof, but the neat efiect of the printing itself is also lost. This has deprived this process of the very point on which its commercial utility depends: i. e., a neatness and beauty com-- parable with die work.

Now one object within the contemplation of this invention is to create an-improved process such as'will yield a sheet of paper having printed characters not only closely imitating embossing but also so flexible and so tenaciously adhering to the paper that it may be folded without unduly cracking or flaking, so .that the letter-heads. on high grade bond paper may be folded or handled severely Without a depreciation in appearance.

Another object is to render commercially available at a comparatively low cost a sheet of paper having raised characters characterlzed by a materially greater degree of flexibility than those produced by former methods and characterized by a tenacity of adhesion to the paper which will enable them to remain intact on the paper notwithstanding considerable rough handling and folding.

Another object of this invention'is to discover mutually compatible materials and the manner of utilizing the same, whereby the ultimate composition of the raised charactor will possess a considerable amount of elasticity or flexibility combined with a strong tenacity for the paper so that the resultant printed matterinay be given more durability.

A still further object is to create a method whereby, immediately after leaving the final or hardening step, the raised printing will acquire a durable status on the paper so that the latter may at once be folded or handled irvlithout fear of producing flaking or the Other objectsiwill be indicated in connection with the following analysis of this invention which consists in the materials, the unique relations of the ingredients, the relative proportioning thereof, the method of combining the same, and the resultant article of manufacture, all as more completely outlined herein.

To enable others skilled in the art so fully to comprehend the underlying features thereof that they may embody the same by any of the numerous modifications in composition and method contemplated by this invention, the following description will outline the principles and rules to be observed.

As a result of exhaustive experiments, I have discovered and am enabled to cure two primary ditliculties in the prevailing methods of imitating embossed work. That is to say, I have found first, that by employing proper ingredients the ultimate composition of the raised characters will be comparatively flexible instead of being hard and brittle, and second that the composition may be caused to adhere much more tenaciously to the paper than is the case with the current methods. the base of the character is first laid by blending it with ordinary stiff printers-ink. By ordinary printers-ink is meant an ink of the general type represented by the following formula or variations thereof, to wit: 68% heavy linseed oil varnish, 7%

Japan drier, 19% carbon black, and 6% Prussian blue. On this quick-drying base is then applied the-usual resinous composition, which is subsequently fused in place. Heretofore, it has not been observed that an incompatibility subsists between the ordinary printers-ink and the. resinous material used, under the conditions in which they are blended, and as a consequence the ultimate printed character has not been perfectly composed or constituted.

I have discovered that, by selecting an ink free from certain of theconventional ingredients and physical characteristics of ordinary stiff printing ink, andby selecting a compatible composition, and by properly blending the same, that an entirely different character is obtained which is at once comparatively flexible and which will adhere most tenaciously to the paper.

I have found that certain ingredients characteristically composing ordinary printersink exercise a harmful effect. That is to say,

ordinary stiff printers ink, among other things, contains material quantities of drying and of strong" varnish-producing ingredients so that, from a theoretical aspect, ordinary printers-ink may simply be regarded as a sort ofquick-drying varnish.

The reason for this lies in the fact" that for- .all ordinary purposes it is highly desirable for the ink to take the form of a hard film almost immediately after leaving press 50 that it will not oflset or smudge during subsequent manipulations. This immediate set is obtained by the agency of varnish-v producing and drying ingredients and, in fact, a typical varnish is sometimes added to the other ingredients in making the ink. I For example, a typical printing ink would In the prevailing methods,

nwaoea .material, such as linseed oil or glycerin, to

may be composed of 73% of boiled linseed oil, 8% of rosin, (as distinguished from a true drying agent), 12% of carbon black, and 6% of Prussian blue. It will be observed that this formula is characteristically different from the constituents of ordinary printers-ink and when it is used in connection with a suitable fusible gum, especially such as that hereinafter proposed, it will be found to be entirely compatible therewith and to produce a character that at once is flexible and yet adheres tenaciously to the paper immediately after leaving the printing press and melting oven.

My investigations have further developed a superior species of gum which will render much more satisfactory results than the gums heretofore employed with ordinary printersink. That is to say, if ordinary shellac is freed from the limy, waxy substances and other foreign ingredients, so that substantially pure shellac or refined shellac is obtained, this product when powdered will be preminently compatible with the ty ical ink above mentioned and it will, when used in place, immediately after leav ing the printing press, produce a character at once flexible and strongly adherent to the paper.

By using the ingredients herein specified and by c'ompleting the method immediately after leaving the printing press, it will be found that the cold sheets of printed matter may be stacked at once without danger of sticking together and they may be folded like an ordinary letter-head without chipping or flaking.

Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of this invention that others can by applying current knowledge readily adapt it for various applications without omitting certain features that, from the standpoint of the prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention, and therefore such adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalency of the following claims.

Having thus revealed this invention, I claim as new and desire to securethe following combinations of elements, or equivalents thereof, by Letters Patent of the United States 1. A process of the nature disclosed for producing raised printing, which comprehends printing a flat character by means of an ink containing boiled linseed oil; and

iii

then fusinga gum of animal origin on said character.

2. A process of the nature disclosed for producing raised printing, which comprehends printing a flat character by means of an ink containing rosin and an oily agent, and then fusing a gum of animal origin on said character. V

3. An article of manufacture consisting of a sheet of hard bond paper provided with printed characters raised in simulation of engraving and consisting of a fused compound composed of a shellac-like gum homogeneously blended into a Water-free ink containing pigment but devoid of material amounts of quick-setting varnish elements; said characters.adherin so tenaciously to the paper and being so ifexible that said paper may be creased across said characters printing which comprehends imprinting on paper fiat characters by means of a waterfree ink containing oily material insoluble in Water and pigment, but devoid of material amounts of quick-setting varnish elements, and then fusing onto said flat characters a powdered compound containing shellac.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name, as attested by the two subscribing witnesses.

SAMUEL LIPSIUS.

Witnesses:

LEON MINTZ, B. 000ml. 

